There is the strict diagnostic
standard by various examination about neurological diseases. Our
clinic has no such large scale equipments, so we will discontinue
the consultation for patients of neurological disorder. However,
we can accept patients already diagnosed as neurological diseases.
Difference from
other clinical department
Neurology：
The subjects
of Neurology are macroscopically abnormal state such as organic
disorders of brain, nerve system and muscles, symptoms due to
these disorders, and related diseases with these disorders. Main
target diseases are cerebral infarction, Parkinson syndrome (disease),
dementia, epilepsy, headache, multiple sclerosis, encephalitis・meningitis,
neuritis, muscle pain etc. Also, neurology's other subjects are
numbness, tremor, drop of muscular strength etc.
Ａ）Difference
between Psychosomatic medicine and Psychiatry
(1)
Psychiatry
The subject
of Psychiatry is mental disorder. The main diseases of Psychiatry
are general atresia (schizophrenia), manic-depressive disorder,
neurosis due to over stress, amsomnia and some psychosomatic disorders
etc. Usually various examinations about brain and nerve system
such as CT, MRI, Angiography, Electroencephalography, SPECT, Electromyography
and some biochemical blood examination in these diseases show
no organic abnormal finding, and also nerological examination
doesn't reveal any abnormal finding. On the other hand, neurology deals some disorders due to inflammation, degeneration,
tumors, vascular disorders, metabolic anomaly and hormonal disorders
in nerve system including cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord, peripheral
nerves and muscles (mentioned above).
(2) Psychosomatic Medicine
Psychosomatic
Medicine is not so common as Neurology. The main subject of the
psychosomatic medicine is the disorder related the stress (psychosomatic
disorder). Some internal diseases caused by various stress due
to mental and social factors in the patients' lives are the main
target of the psychosomatic medicine. They are, for example, gastric
ulcer (over-work and irregular dietary habits), acute pancreatitis
(over-drinking), irritable bowel syndrome, asthma except allergic
cause, some hypertension and some angina etc. The case with only
mental disorder by anxiety etc is the subject of psychiatry, but
the case that anxiety makes a person feel abdominal pain and diarrhea
like irritable bowel syndrome, asthma seizure and elevation of
blood pressure (these are the internal diseases) is the subject
of psychosomatic medicine.
B）The affiliated departments with Neurology
(1) Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery deals
disorders of nerve system, but the subject is limitted to some
diseases which need operation of brain and spinal cord. They are
tumors of brain and spinal cord, aneurysm which can be a cause
of subdural haemorrhage, chronic subdural haematoma and brain
injury etc. Headache and cerebral infarction etc are common subjects
to both neurology and neurosurgery.
(2) Orthopedics
The subject of
orthopedics is similar to the subject of neurology. They are lumbar
pain and numbness of extremities etc. The main targets of orthopedics
are disorders of the skeletal structure, and numbness and pain
due to these disorders. When you compain of deformity of the joint,
inflammation and dislocation etc which their causes are clear,
it is better to consult a doctor of orthopedics first.
(3) Otolaryngology
The symptoms such
as dizziness or vertigo, buzzing (tinnitus aureus), difficulty
in hearing, hoarseness and difficulty of swallowing are also subjects
of otolaryngology. Vertigo (dizziness), buzzing and difficulty
of hearing are symptoms of both otolaryngology and neurology.
In the former case, disorder of the inner ear (osseous semicircular
canals) is suspected of the cause, and in the latter case, disorders
of the brain stem, vestibular nerve and acoustic nerve are suspected
of the cause. For example, difficulty of swallowing is a symptom
of neurogical target diseases such as cerebral infarction, Parkinson's
disease and other degenerative diseases as well as a symptom of
otolaryngological target diseases such as disorder of larynx,
throat and esopahgus.
(4) Ophtalmology
Visual impairment
is also a common symptom of both opthalmology and neurology. Diplopia,
blepharoptosis and abnormal visual field are the symptoms of neurology.
Generally, short sight (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) including
due to old age and astigmatism which can be revised by glasses,
and cataract, glaucoma, inflammatory diseases such as conjunctivitis
etc, and disorders of the retina are subjects of ophthalmology..